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Analysis of rooftop surface temperatures in an urban residential environment

Publication date: 2016-05-02

Author(s):

Qunshan Zhao

Abstract:

The urban heat island (UHI) effect is an important worldwide problem caused by rapid urbanization. The mitigation efforts include using high albedo rooftops, green rooftops, and planting vegetation around the buildings. Rooftop properties such as albedo, color, material, slope, area, aspect, and height are factors that potentially contribute. Nearby landscaping is also important factors to be considered. To analyze rooftop parameters and outdoor landscaping, high spatial resolution satellite imagery, LIDAR (light detection and ranging) data and high resolution thermal imagery are necessary. Using data from the City of Tempe AZ, we digitized residential rooftop footprints and derived rooftop configuration parameters from airborne LIDAR data and QuickBird imagery (2.4 m resolution imagery). High resolution daytime and nighttime surface temperature data (7m) were derived from the MODIS/ASTER airborne simulator (MASTER). Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was utilized to explore the relationships between residential building rooftops and rooftop surface temperature in Tempe. The results showed that daytime rooftop surface temperature was related to rooftop spectral attributes, slope, aspect, and surrounding trees. Night time temperature was only affected by rooftop spectral attributes and slope.

Keywords:

rooftop, urban heat island, modis, aster, master, ordinary least squares regression LiDAR, geographic information systems, buildings, urban, satellite imagery disturbance patterns Land-Use, Land-Cover and Land Architecture cap lter, cap, caplter, central arizona phoenix long term ecological research, arizona, az, tempe, arid land

Temporal Coverage:

2008-03-30 to 2011-07-15

Geographic Coverage:

Geographic Description: CAP LTER study area
Bounding Coordinates:
Longitude:-111.96 to -111.94
Latitude:+33.415 to +33.407

Contact:

Data Manager, Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability, Arizona State University,
PO Box 875402,Tempe

Methods used in producing this dataset: Show

Quickbird albedo: broadband directional albedo estimated based on Kaplan, S., Galletti, C. S., Chow, W. T. L., and Myint, S. W. (2016). First order approximation of Broadband Directional Albedo with High Resolution Quickbird Imagery: a case study for arid urban areas. GIScience and Remote Sensing. http://doi.org/10.1080/15481603.2016.1153944

Quickbird classification: QuickBird imagery was classified by the object-oriented classification method. Three principal component analysis bands were layer-stacked with the original four bands, including blue, green, red, and near-infrared (NIR). The normalized height surface data from LIDAR point clouds was incorporated into the dataset as well. The object-oriented approach included two steps: image segmentation and image classification. Six major classes were created including buildings, impervious surfaces, trees/shrubs, grass, open soil, and swimming pool. The overall accuracy of the object-oriented classification was 90.4% and the kappa coefficient was 0.89.

LiDAR: First and last vertical returns information were derived from the raw LIDAR data. The bare earth model was extracted from ground points with all the ground features removed. The digital surface model was created from non-ground points and represented the ground features such as buildings and vegetation. The normalized height surface data were obtained by subtracting the bare earth model from digital surface model.

MASTER: We applied the atmospheric correction and geometric correction to the MASTER imagery. An in-scene atmospheric compensation technique was used to correct the atmospheric offsets of the MASTER imagery. Further, NAIP imagery was used to do the geometric correction of the MASTER imagery. 80 ground control points were chosen from NAIP and MASTER imagery to produce the georeferenced MASTER imagery. The root mean squared error was 0.41m for daytime MASTER imagery, and was 0.26m for nighttime MASTER imagery.

Rooftops: We used Bing Map to manually digitize the building rooftop footprints. Rooftop boundaries that were obscured by trees were extrapolated to a rectangular shape based on the existing visible rooftop boundaries. 567 rooftop footprints were manually digitized.

Data Files (13) :

Spatial Vector: Rooftop_boundary.shp
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Description: Polygons of rooftops in the study area (Tempe, Arizona) digitized from Bing Aerial imagery.
Horizontal Coordinate System:WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_12N
Geometry Type: Polygon

Column	Description	Units
area	the area for each rooftop (unit: m2)	squareMeter
Perimeter	the perimeter for each rooftop (unit: m)	meter
compactnes	area divided by the square of the perimeter	dimensionless

Raster: LIDAR_normalized_height_surface.img
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Description: LiDAR-derived digital surface-model representing ground features, such as buildings and vegetation, expressed as elevation (m).
Temporal Coverage: 2008-05-05
Horizontal Coordinate System:WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_12N
Rows:1500
Columns:2310

Column	Description	Type	Units
VALUE	METADATA_NOT_PROVIDED		meter

Raster: masterl1b_1100402_16_20110712_tempe107_day_term_atcor_top_surft_c.img
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Description: Atmospherically corrected and georeferenced MASTER-derived daytime land surface temperature (LST) of study area (region of Tempe, Arizona). See https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/eml/knb-lter-cap/620/1 (doi:10.6073/pasta/f97fbfa653ff0c2c351fe40a3803023b) for a thorough description of processing details.
Temporal Coverage: 2011-07-12 to 2011-07-15
Horizontal Coordinate System:NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_12N
Rows:825
Columns:1190

Column	Description	Type	Units
VALUE	land surface temperature		celsius

Raster: MASTERL1B_1100402_16_20110712_Tempe107_Day_term_atcor_top_surfT_C_Georeferenced.img
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Description: Atmospherically corrected and georeferenced MASTER-derived daytime land surface temperature (LST) of a region of central Arizona. See https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/eml/knb-lter-cap/620/1 (doi:10.6073/pasta/f97fbfa653ff0c2c351fe40a3803023b) for a thorough description of processing details.
Temporal Coverage: 2011-07-12 to 2011-07-15
Horizontal Coordinate System:NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_12N
Rows:4964
Columns:4396

Column	Description	Type	Units
VALUE	land surface temperature		celsius

Raster: masterl1b_1100404_16_20110715_tempe107_night_therm_atcor_top_surft_c.img
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Description: Atmospherically corrected and georeferenced MASTER-derived nighttime land surface temperature (LST) of study area (region of Tempe, Arizona). See https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/eml/knb-lter-cap/620/1 (doi:10.6073/pasta/f97fbfa653ff0c2c351fe40a3803023b) for a thorough description of processing details.
Temporal Coverage: 2011-07-12 to 2011-07-15
Horizontal Coordinate System:NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_12N
Rows:817
Columns:1106

Column	Description	Type	Units
VALUE	land surface temperature		celsius

Raster: MASTERL1B_1100404_16_20110715_Tempe107_Night_therm_atcor_top_surfT_C_Georeferenced.img
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Description: Atmospherically corrected and georeferenced MASTER-derived nighttime land surface temperature (LST) of a region of central Arizona. See https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/eml/knb-lter-cap/620/1 (doi:10.6073/pasta/f97fbfa653ff0c2c351fe40a3803023b) for a thorough description of processing details.
Temporal Coverage: 2011-07-12 to 2011-07-15
Horizontal Coordinate System:NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_12N
Rows:5047
Columns:4462

Column	Description	Type	Units
VALUE	land surface temperature		celsius

Raster: Quickbird_red_reflectance.img
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Description: Quickbird red band (630-690 nm) spectral radiance for the study area in Tempe, Arizona.
Temporal Coverage: 2008-03-30
Horizontal Coordinate System:WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_12N
Rows:1841
Columns:1360

Column	Description	Type	Units
VALUE	top of atmosphere reflectance		dimensionless

Raster: Quickbird_green_reflectance.img
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Description: Quickbird green band (520-600 nm) spectral radiance for the study area in Tempe, Arizona.
Temporal Coverage: 2008-03-30
Horizontal Coordinate System:WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_12N
Rows:1841
Columns:1360

Column	Description	Type	Units
VALUE	top of atmosphere reflectance		dimensionless

Raster: Quickbird_blue_reflectance.img
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Description: Quickbird blue band (450-520 nm) spectral radiance for the study area in Tempe, Arizona.
Temporal Coverage: 2008-03-30
Horizontal Coordinate System:WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_12N
Rows:1841
Columns:1360

Column	Description	Type	Units
VALUE	top of atmosphere reflectance		dimensionless

Raster: Quickbird_NIR_reflectance.img
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Description: Quickbird near-IR band (760-890 nm) spectral radiance for the study area in Tempe, Arizona.
Temporal Coverage: 2008-03-30
Horizontal Coordinate System:WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_12N
Rows:1841
Columns:1360

Column	Description	Type	Units
VALUE	top of atmosphere reflectance		dimensionless

Raster: Quickbird_albedo.img
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Description: Albedo (the fraction of solar energy (shortwave radiation) reflected from the Earth’s surface) for the study area in Tempe, Arizona.
Temporal Coverage: 2008-03-30
Horizontal Coordinate System:WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_12N
Rows:1841
Columns:1360

Column	Description	Type	Units
VALUE	albedo		dimensionless

Raster: Quickbird_classification.img
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Description: Land use and land cover classification of study area in Tempe, Arizona. The classification includes six major classes (buildings, other impervious, grass, trees (3 different height categories), soil, and swimming pool) created using the object-oriented approach employing Quickbird and LiDAR data.
Temporal Coverage: 2008-03-30
Horizontal Coordinate System:WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_12N
Rows:1391
Columns:1669

Column	Description	Units
OID	Internal feature number
Value	Thematic Value of the cell	Enumeration: 0: no data 1: Buildings 2: Other impervious 3: Grass 4: Trees (Height: greater than 10 meters) 5: Trees (Height: greater than 5 meters and less than 10 meters) 6: Trees (Height: greater than 1.5 meters and less than 5 meters) 7: Soil 8: Swimming pool
Count	Number of pixels of each land use land cover type used to build a histogram	number
Red	METADATA_NOT_PROVIDED	dimensionless
Green	METADATA_NOT_PROVIDED	dimensionless
Blue	METADATA_NOT_PROVIDED	dimensionless
Class_Name	Thematic value of the cell	Enumeration: 0: no data 1: Buildings 2: Other impervious 3: Grass 4: Trees (Height: greater than 10 meters) 5: Trees (Height: greater than 5 meters and less than 10 meters) 6: Trees (Height: greater than 1.5 meters and less than 5 meters) 7: Soil 8: Swimming pool

File: NAIP.tif
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Description: National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP; 2010) of study area in Tempe, Arizona used for georeferencing MASTER imagery.

Novel coronavirus information

Analysis of rooftop surface temperatures in an urban residential environment

Author(s):

Abstract:

Keywords:

Temporal Coverage:

Geographic Coverage:

Contact:

Methods used in producing this dataset: Show

Data Files (13) :

Spatial Vector: Rooftop_boundary.shp
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Raster: LIDAR_normalized_height_surface.img
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Raster: masterl1b_1100402_16_20110712_tempe107_day_term_atcor_top_surft_c.img
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Raster: MASTERL1B_1100402_16_20110712_Tempe107_Day_term_atcor_top_surfT_C_Georeferenced.img
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Raster: masterl1b_1100404_16_20110715_tempe107_night_therm_atcor_top_surft_c.img
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Raster: MASTERL1B_1100404_16_20110715_Tempe107_Night_therm_atcor_top_surfT_C_Georeferenced.img
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Raster: Quickbird_red_reflectance.img
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Raster: Quickbird_green_reflectance.img
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Raster: Quickbird_blue_reflectance.img
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Raster: Quickbird_NIR_reflectance.img
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Raster: Quickbird_albedo.img
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Raster: Quickbird_classification.img
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File: NAIP.tif
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Download EML Metadata for this data package

Novel coronavirus information

Analysis of rooftop surface temperatures in an urban residential environment

Author(s):

Abstract:

Keywords:

Temporal Coverage:

Geographic Coverage:

Contact:

Methods used in producing this dataset: Show

Data Files (13) :

Spatial Vector: Rooftop_boundary.shpDownload

Raster: LIDAR_normalized_height_surface.imgDownload

Raster: masterl1b_1100402_16_20110712_tempe107_day_term_atcor_top_surft_c.imgDownload

Raster: MASTERL1B_1100402_16_20110712_Tempe107_Day_term_atcor_top_surfT_C_Georeferenced.imgDownload

Raster: masterl1b_1100404_16_20110715_tempe107_night_therm_atcor_top_surft_c.imgDownload

Raster: MASTERL1B_1100404_16_20110715_Tempe107_Night_therm_atcor_top_surfT_C_Georeferenced.imgDownload

Raster: Quickbird_red_reflectance.imgDownload

Raster: Quickbird_green_reflectance.imgDownload

Raster: Quickbird_blue_reflectance.imgDownload

Raster: Quickbird_NIR_reflectance.imgDownload

Raster: Quickbird_albedo.imgDownload

Raster: Quickbird_classification.imgDownload

File: NAIP.tifDownload

Download EML Metadata for this data package

Spatial Vector: Rooftop_boundary.shp
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Raster: LIDAR_normalized_height_surface.img
Download

Raster: masterl1b_1100402_16_20110712_tempe107_day_term_atcor_top_surft_c.img
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Raster: MASTERL1B_1100402_16_20110712_Tempe107_Day_term_atcor_top_surfT_C_Georeferenced.img
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Raster: masterl1b_1100404_16_20110715_tempe107_night_therm_atcor_top_surft_c.img
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Raster: MASTERL1B_1100404_16_20110715_Tempe107_Night_therm_atcor_top_surfT_C_Georeferenced.img
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Raster: Quickbird_red_reflectance.img
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Raster: Quickbird_green_reflectance.img
Download

Raster: Quickbird_blue_reflectance.img
Download

Raster: Quickbird_NIR_reflectance.img
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Raster: Quickbird_albedo.img
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Raster: Quickbird_classification.img
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File: NAIP.tif
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